Administrative credentials stored in cache memory
Need
Secure storage of administrative credentials
Context
- Usage of Scala for building scalable and functional applications
- Usage of SyncCacheApi for caching data in Play Framework applications
- Usage of play.api.mvc.Controller for handling HTTP requests and responses in Play Framework
- Usage of play.api.mvc.Action for handling HTTP requests in Play Framework
- Usage of play.api.mvc.Request for handling HTTP requests in Play Framework
- Usage of play.api.mvc.AnyContent for handling any type of content in Play Framework
Description
Non compliant code
import play.api.cache._
class AdminController @Inject() (cache: SyncCacheApi) extends Controller {
def login = Action { implicit request: Request[AnyContent] =>
val adminUser = request.body.asFormUrlEncoded.get("username").head
val adminPass = request.body.asFormUrlEncoded.get("password").head
// Storing admin credentials in cache
cache.set("adminUser", adminUser)
cache.set("adminPass", adminPass)
Ok("Logged in")
}
}
This code represents a controller in a Scala Play Framework application which is handling an admin login action. The AdminController
receives the username and password from the request body and stores them in the cache memory using cache.set()
method.
The vulnerability lies in the fact that sensitive data, such as administrative credentials (username and password), are being stored in the cache memory. This can potentially allow an attacker to retrieve these credentials from the cache memory, leading to a breach of security.
It's also important to note that the credentials are being stored in plaintext which is another security concern. They should be hashed or encrypted before being stored, even if it's just in memory.
This is a high-risk vulnerability because it can lead to unauthorized access to the system with administrative privileges. This can potentially allow an attacker to perform any action on the system, such as data manipulation or deletion, configuration changes, etc.
Steps
- Avoid storing sensitive information, such as administrative credentials, in cache memory.
- Instead, securely store the administrative credentials in a secure database or a secure configuration file.
- When handling user input, ensure that proper validation and sanitization are performed to prevent any malicious input.
- Use secure protocols, such as HTTPS, for transmitting sensitive information over the network.
- Implement strong authentication mechanisms, such as multi-factor authentication, to protect administrative credentials.
- Regularly review and update the application's security practices to address any potential vulnerabilities.
Compliant code
import play.api.mvc._
import play.api.data._
import play.api.data.Forms._
class AdminController @Inject() (cache: SyncCacheApi) extends Controller {
val loginForm: Form[LoginForm] = Form(
mapping(
"username" -> nonEmptyText,
"password" -> nonEmptyText
)(LoginForm.apply)(LoginForm.unapply)
)
def login = Action { implicit request: Request[AnyContent] =>
val formValidationResult = loginForm.bindFromRequest
formValidationResult.fold(
formWithErrors => {
// This is the bad case, where the form had validation errors.
BadRequest
},
loginData => {
// This is the good case, where the form was successfully parsed as a LoginForm.
Ok("Logged in")
}
)
}
}
case class LoginForm(username: String, password: String)
The updated code no longer stores administrative credentials in cache memory, which was a major security vulnerability. Instead, it uses Play Framework's form handling to validate the input data.
The LoginForm
case class is used to bind the form data. The loginForm
is a Form[LoginForm]
that maps the form data to the LoginForm
case class. The nonEmptyText
constraint ensures that the username and password fields are not empty.
In the login
action, the loginForm
is bound to the request data. If the form data is invalid (e.g., the username or password field is empty), the BadRequest
result is returned. If the form data is valid, the Ok
result is returned, indicating that the user is logged in.
This approach ensures that administrative credentials are not stored in cache memory, thereby mitigating the risk of credential theft. It also validates the form data, preventing malicious input.
Remember, the actual authentication process (e.g., checking the username and password against a database) is not shown in this code. This process should be implemented securely in the login
action, using secure protocols and strong authentication mechanisms.